A Hand Therapist is a highly trained rehabilitation specialist who helps patients recover from injuries, surgeries, or medical conditions affecting the hands, wrists, and upper extremities. These professionals play a critical role in restoring function, reducing pain, and improving quality of life for people whose everyday activities depend on healthy, functional hands.
Hand therapists typically come from two backgrounds:
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Occupational Therapists (OTs)
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Physical Therapists (PTs)
After earning their OT or PT degree, they complete extensive additional training to specialize in hand and upper extremity care.
What Does a Hand Therapist Do?
Hand therapists work with people who have conditions such as:
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Carpal tunnel syndrome
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Tendon and nerve injuries
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Fractures of the hand or wrist
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Arthritis
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Burn injuries
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Trigger finger
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Post-surgical recovery
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Sports injuries
Their duties include:
1. Complete Evaluations
They assess a patient’s strength, mobility, sensation, pain levels, and ability to perform daily tasks. The therapist also reviews medical history and physician notes, especially after surgery.
2. Develop Customized Treatment Plans
Hand therapists design individualized rehabilitation programs to meet each patient's goals. Plans often include:
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Strengthening exercises
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Range-of-motion training
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Sensory re-education
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Scar management
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Splinting
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Swelling reduction techniques
3. Create and Fit Custom Splints
A unique skill of hand therapists is custom splint fabrication. They shape thermoplastic materials into specialized braces that support healing or help patients regain function.
4. Provide Non-Surgical Treatment Options
Before surgery is considered, hand therapists can help reduce symptoms through:
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Nerve gliding exercises
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Joint protection techniques
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Activity modifications
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Ergonomic education
5. Assist With Post-Surgical Recovery
After surgeries like tendon repair, fracture fixation, or carpal tunnel release, hand therapists guide patients carefully through recovery phases, often working closely with orthopedic and plastic surgeons.
6. Teach Functional Skills
They help patients learn or relearn essential everyday tasks—gripping utensils, buttoning clothing, holding objects, typing, and more.
Where Do Hand Therapists Work?
Hand therapists can be found in:
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Outpatient rehabilitation clinics
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Hospital rehab departments
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Hand surgery centers
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Orthopedic practices
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Sports medicine clinics
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Private practices
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Burn units
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Home health (less common)
Key Skills Needed
A hand therapist must have a combination of clinical expertise and interpersonal abilities:
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Strong knowledge of anatomy and physiology of the upper extremity
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Fine motor skills for splint fabrication
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Patience and communication skills to guide patients through long recovery periods
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Problem-solving abilities to adjust treatment plans
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Empathy and emotional support
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Attention to detail for precise documentation
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Dexterity and creativity for custom splint design
Education and Certification
To become a Hand Therapist, a person must:
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Earn a master’s or doctorate degree in Occupational Therapy or Physical Therapy
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Obtain state licensure
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Gain several years of experience working with hand and upper extremity cases
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Optionally earn CHT (Certified Hand Therapist) credential
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Requires 4,000 hours of direct hand therapy experience
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Requires passing a rigorous certification exam
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The CHT certification is widely respected and often preferred by employers.
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Salary and Job Outlook
Hand therapists are in demand because hand and wrist injuries are extremely common. Salaries vary by location but are generally higher than general OT or PT roles due to specialization.
Average salary ranges (USA):
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$80,000–$115,000+ per year
Experienced CHTs, especially in private practice or surgical centers, may earn more.
Why Become a Hand Therapist?
A career as a hand therapist offers:
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Deeply rewarding work helping people regain independence
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High demand for skilled specialists
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Opportunities to collaborate with surgeons
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Creative work, especially with custom splint making
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Continuous professional growth
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Strong job stability
Many therapists choose this field because they enjoy working with complex injuries and seeing dramatic improvements in their patients’ lives.
Conclusion
Hand therapists play a vital role in healthcare, specializing in the delicate and highly functional structures of the hand and upper extremity. This career blends science, creativity, and compassionate care. For those who want to make a meaningful impact while working in a specialized, hands-on rehab profession, becoming a hand therapist can be an excellent career path.
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